Dive into our slideshow to sample these unique experiences plus many more, spanning the country from the wide-open cattle ranches out west to the friendly fishing villages in the Maritimes.

Additional Reporting by Megan Johnson

1. Northern Lights Experience in Northwest Territories

You can see the northern lights in Canada’s remote Northwest Territories in several unique ways. Beck’s Kennels, based in Yellowknife, offers a five-hour excursion that starts with an exhilarating dog sled ride over the snow to a heated cabin where you can warm up and watch the colors streaking across the dark sky.

For an even more remote experience, head to the Blachford Lodge. Accessible only by bush plane (it’s a half-hour ride from Yellowknife), the lodge offers the chance to see the northern lights from an igloo you build yourself.

2. Walk on the Earth’s Mantle at Gros Morne National Park

Gros Morne National Park isn’t just a spectacularly scenic place to go hiking or camping; it’s also a geological landmark that helped scientists prove the theory of plate tectonics. The barren red rocks in the Tablelands section of the park were once part of the earth’s mantle (the thick layer beneath the crust), but they were pushed upward by a plate tectonic collision some 500 million years ago. Gros Morne is one of the few places in the world where you can walk on a rock that was once this deep inside the earth.

While it’s easy enough to hike the Tablelands independently, a Parks Canada guide can offer insight into the area’s complex geology. Two- and three-hour guided hikes are available.

3. Asian Night Markets in Vancouver 

As you stroll among bustling stalls, sampling fragrant street food like dim sum, stir-fried octopus and tteokbokki (a spicy Korean rice and fish cake), you could be forgiven for imagining that you’re in Hong Kong or Taiwan. But you can also savor a traditional Asian night market much closer to home in the Vancouver metro area.

About 30 minutes outside of downtown Vancouver, near the international airport, the city of Richmond offers two different night markets during the warmer months. The Richmond Night Market, located near the Bridgeport SkyLink station, offers live entertainment and hundreds of food stalls on weekends between mid-May and early October. 

4. Learn Indigenous Traditions on Manitoulin Island

For an intimate and authentic look into the cultural heritage of some of Canada’s indigenous peoples, head to Manitoulin Island, located on Lake Huron in northeastern Ontario. Here, the Great Circle Spirit Trail offers a selection of workshops and experiences celebrating the traditions of the Anishnawbek people (which includes the Ojibwe, Odawa and Pottawatomi tribes).

Visitors learn native drumming techniques, taste local teas, craft your own traditional torch or go on a hike in search of medicinal herbs and plants. 

5. Cycle Through the Laurentians in Quebec

For an exhilarating fresh-air journey through Quebec’s forested Laurentian Mountains, rent a bike and hit the P’tit Train du Nord trail. Once a rail line, this 144-mile, mildly graded path offers a taste of the region’s pristine rivers, lakes and mountain views. Many of the former railroad stations along the way have been converted into cafes, shops and other facilities where bikers can take a break.

The trail runs between Saint-Jerome, about 30 minutes outside Montreal, and Mont-Laurier. Operators such as Cyclo-Gites offer packages that include overnight lodging, breakfast, luggage transfers and transportation from one end of the trail to the other (so you don’t have to bike all the way back to get back to your car).

The full ride can be completed in three to five days, depending on your fitness level and how much time you want to spend exploring. For the most spectacular scenery, go in the fall when the leaves are turning.

6. Learn the Fisherman’s Life in Nova Scotia

During your stay in Nova Scotia, you’ll likely dig into a seafood dinner at least once or twice, whether your dish of choice is fresh lobster, grilled fish or buttery scallops. But did you know you can meet the fishermen responsible for bringing all that delicious, locally caught seafood to your plate?

The Living Wharves program in the Yarmouth and Acadian Shores area has brought together active and retired workers from the fishing industry to meet with visitors and share their experiences. You can listen to stories of storms at sea, find out what a typical day is like and even learn to tie a knot or band a lobster. Daily talks and demonstrations are given at various wharves in and around Yarmouth.

7. Hike a Snowy Canyon Under the Stars in Banff

Imagine strapping on a pair of cleats and walking along the bottom of a deep, quiet canyon at night, with moonlight glittering off the frozen waterfalls and otherworldly ice formations around you. While most visitors explore Banff and Jasper National Parks during the warmer summer months, a nighttime “ice walk” is an unforgettable experience you can only have during the winter off season. (Just remember to bundle up!)

Discover Banff Tours offers a 2.5-hour ice walk in Johnston Canyon, where you’ll hike along catwalks built onto the canyon walls. At Maligne Canyon in Jasper, you’ll be right on the canyon floor during a three-hour tour led by Jasper Adventure Centre or Maligne Adventures.

You can even take a dip in the year-round outdoor hot spring bathing experiences. 

8. Live the Cowboy Life on a Ranch in Saskatchewan

The wide-open spaces in the Canadian West are the perfect setting to hop on a horse and live out that cowboy or cowgirl fantasy you’ve had since you were a kid.

At Saskatchewan’s Historic Reesor Ranch, which dates back to 1904, guests can join a cattle drive during the day and then sit around the campfire at night, exchanging “cowboy poetry” with the hosts. In British Columbia, Echo Valley Ranch & Spa offers a more indulgent experience, with Thai massages or yoga classes available in between horseback riding and panning for gold. Guests at La Reata Ranch in Saskatchewan can learn cowboy skills such as lariat handling and roping a dummy steer, then wind down their day in the hot tub under the stars.

9. Meet the Other French-Speaking Canada in the Maritimes

Mention francophone Canada, and Quebec is the region that most likely springs to mind. But what most visitors don’t know is that Canada has several other pockets of French culture, including the Acadian population of the Maritimes (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island). Descendants of French colonists, the Acadian people have developed their own culture unique to this part of the world.

Get a taste of Acadian culture in New Brunswick at the Village Historique Acadien, which offers a collection of historical buildings — including farmhouses, a lobster hatchery and a grist mill — dating back as far as 1770. At the Theriault General Store, you can buy period items such as porcelain dolls and cast-iron frying pans.

Le Pays de la Sagouine, in Bouctouche, is a recreated Prohibition-era fishing village where visitors can tour the buildings, dine on traditional dishes, and enjoy musical and theatrical performances from a cast of Acadian characters. You may even learn to play the wooden spoons! (Note that performances run throughout the warmer months, and most are in French.)

10. Swim with Beluga Whales in Manitoba

Churchill, Manitoba, is famous for polar bear sightings, but if you’re looking for a truly up-close-and-personal animal encounter, why not jump into the water and swim with the bears’ Arctic neighbor, the beluga whale?

Tour operators such as Sea North Tours and Lazy Bear Lodge will take you out on a boat to search for a pod of these gentle giants, which measure about 18 feet and weigh up to 3,500 pounds. Then, wearing a thick Arctic wetsuit and snorkeling gear, you’ll lower yourself into the water where you can swim beside the whales and even hear the sounds they make as they call to each other.

11. Have a Foodie Adventure

Love to eat? On Prince Edward Island, you can get your hands dirty with a variety of experiences in sourcing local goodies. Local Jim Conohan offers an excursion in which visitors walk with him to find and dig for clams; afterward, they bring their haul back to his gazebo for good conversation and a good meal, which includes steamed clams — of course! — as well as bread, potato salad, cold drinks and dessert.  Vegetarian and turf options are available as well. 

The Table Culinary Studio offers cooking classes in which visitors can learn to prepare island favorites such as mussels, sheep’s milk cheese and artisan bread. Some workshops involve visiting local farms to harvest ingredients or learn how they’re grown.

12. Experience Ice Hockey in Toronto

We’d be remiss to not mention ice hockey when talking about Canada. For a true Canadian experience, head to Toronto, where you can catch the Maple Leafs play a game. Then, head to the Hockey Hall of Fame, where you can see the Stanley Cup, and learn about the history, and the best players. If you are feeling really daring, you can join a pick up game and see how the amateurs play. 

13. Go Whale Watching in Victoria

Victoria, situated on Vancouver Island’s southern tip, is one of the best places in the world for whale watching. Peak time for spotting a whale is May through October, where you should be able to easily spot Orcas. From June to September, the humpback whales are out, some measuring a whopping 50-feet in length! There are several different tours to choose from, from the classic catamaran, to getting up close and personal in a Zodiac Boat. 

You’ll want to book a morning tour, when waters are calmer and marine life is booming. Most tours last 3-4 hours and depart from Victoria’s Inner Harbor or Fisherman’s Wharf. 

14. Go to the Winter Carnival in Quebec City

If it’s going to be freezing cold with a lot of snow, you might as well make the best of it, and that is exactly what Quebec City has done by creating the world’s largest winter carnival. Be awed by the ice sculptures, enjoy music by Canadian artists, be dazzled by a night parade, and  play laser tag within the city’s citadel. Want to see something really different? Check out the ice canoe race! 

The Carnival lasts for ten days in January and February. 

15. See Polar Bears in Manitoba

In October and November, you can take a 6-7 day  polar bear expedition tour out to Churchill, Manitoba. Natural Habitat Adventures has a packed itinerary that includes a chartered flight to Churchill from Winnipeg, heavy parkas, transportation i their custom Polar Rovers, and dog sledding. They also offer a special women-only departure. 

Churchill Wild offers walking tours to see the polar bears, and you’ll stay in a remote luxury ecolodge. Be warned, these trips start at $16,000 CAD per person! 

16. Northwest Passage Arctic Cruise

Take an adventure on the northwest passage with an arctic cruise. Adventure Canada offers a 17-day cruise that starts in Nunavut, the Canadian territory that takes up most of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. This small expedition cruise navigates through the northwest passage, stopping for wildlife views, a historical expedition site, archeological sites, immersive experiences with Inuit, and hiking. You’ll view the northern lights like never before, so make sure your camera is ready! It ends in Greeland, where you can fly nonstop to Toronto and connect to your home airport. 

Best Time to Go to Canada

Canada’s prime tourism season is summer, when temperatures are warm enough for outdoor adventures in the rugged countryside (this means the more popular destinations will be bustling with tourists). Canadian winters can be long and arduous, but skiers, of course, will want to head to the mountains when local temperatures drop and snow blankets the slopes. Fall in Canada is leaf-peeping time. Cruises along the Canadian coast, mountain hikes and train trips through the countryside are excellent ways to catch autumn colors. Spring rains often bring tons of mud to Canadian national parks, but this season is a great time to find local travel deals.

Canada on a Budget

Overall, Canada is a budget-friendly destination for the U.S. traveler due to proximity and a generally favorable exchange rate. Snag the best prices on hotel stays, tours ,and transportation — while avoiding frigid winter temperatures — by traveling during the spring or fall shoulder seasons (spring prices are likely to drop a bit lower than fall ones). To save money on restaurant meals, rent a house or apartment where you can cook for yourself. Traveling in the spring or fall will help save money, but keep in mind, everything may not be open, as many attractions and events operate seasonally, especially outside of major cities.

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So, it’s clear you can’t count on the TSA to reimburse you for such losses; the agency denied more than half of the claims. Are luggage locks the answer?

The Benefits of Luggage Locks

Locking your suitcase doesn’t just make it more difficult for opportunistic baggage handlers or security officers to root through your stuff at the airport. A lock can also help hold your bag’s zippers together so they don’t work their way open while in transit, leaking socks and underwear all over the baggage carousel.

You might also want to lock your bag if you’re staying in a hostel with strangers or while traveling on a crowded bus or train. Some travelers even lock their suitcases during the day at hotels to deter theft by housekeepers.

The Limitations of Luggage Locks

Putting a lock on your suitcase isn’t a guarantee that your stuff will be safe. Do a quick search on YouTube, and you’ll find a trove of videos explaining how to open a combination lock without the code or how to break into a locked suitcase with nothing but a ballpoint pen. Nor is it difficult to slice through a soft-sided bag. Locks discourage casual thieves, who will move on to easier targets, but they’re flimsy protection against those who are truly determined to get into your bag.

That’s why you should always keep any valuables in your carry-on, not your checked luggage. As noted above, the TSA is unlikely to pay you back if something is stolen from your checked bag, and airlines typically don’t accept liability for the loss of expensive items such as jewelry, electronic equipment, or fragile souvenirs.

TSA-Approved Locks

If you do decide to secure your suitcase, choose one of the many TSA-approved locks available, such as these combination locks from Master Lock or TravelMore. You can also buy keyed luggage locks such as these from Lewis N. Clark, though it’s worth considering how likely you might be to lose track of a tiny key while traveling. You can even purchase suitcases with built-in TSA-approved locks.

The TSA has master keys that allow agents to open all TSA-approved locks if they determine that your bag needs extra screening. If you use a non-TSA lock, they’ll simply cut it off your bag. Note that not all security officers outside the U.S. have the same master keys, so even a TSA-approved lock could be cut off if you’re traveling internationally.

Alternatives to Luggage Locks

Some travelers prefer to wrap their suitcases in plastic, which makes bags harder to break into, protects their exteriors from dings, and keeps them from bursting open if a zipper fails. This bagging service is offered at select airports by companies such as Seal & Go and Secure Wrap. Though security agents will cut off the plastic if they need to inspect your luggage more closely, some wrapping services offer a complimentary rewrap post-security. One disadvantage to this method: By generating so much plastic, it’s the least environmentally friendly way to protect your bag.

Looking for Luggage With a Lock?

“Sold separately” isn’t statement when it comes to the carry-on from Away. While including a TSA-approved lock in its design, this bag also comes with 360° spinning wheels, and a super hard exterior shell—this bag is built to be your last.

All of the products featured in this story were hand-selected by our travel editors. Some of the links featured in this story are affiliate links, and SmarterTravel may collect a commission (at no cost to you) if you shop through them. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases.

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Seat selection can make a huge difference in how comfortable you are in flight, especially on long international trips. I interviewed an expert to help identify the worst airplane seats and explain how you can land yourself a better spot on your next flight.

Where Are the Worst Seats on a Plane?

The worst seats are generally “in the last row of the aircraft,” says David Duff, former Content Specialist at SeatGuru. “The seats [there] more than likely have limited recline, [and] the proximity to the lavatory and galley are going to be bothersome since you are dealing with noises, smells, people queueing to use the lavatory, and the flight crew opening and closing storage compartments and chatting.”

Sounds terrible, but wait—there’s more. “Many times, the windows are missing at these seats as well,” Duff continues, “and to top it all off, you are going to feel turbulence a bit [more] toward the back of the plane.”

Being in the back also means you’re one of the last ones off the plane—not ideal if you’re trying to make a tight connection.

The back row is the worst place to sit on a plane, and you should try to avoid it if possible. However, many flyers know that the back is the least desirable row of the aircraft and will choose seats elsewhere. This means if you’re hoping to get a row all to yourself and don’t mind the other negatives, you’ll have a better chance of flying solo if you pick the back row.

There are some other seats you’ll want to avoid on a plane as well.

All middle seats are unpopular for obvious reasons, and the seats in front of an exit row aren’t ideal either. “These seats usually have limited recline in case the plane has to be evacuated,” Duff explains.

Even the desirable exit row seats, which typically have extra legroom, have a potential downside: “One of the major complaints we read about from [the SeatGuru] community is how the seat nearest to an exit door tends to be colder than surrounding seats,” says Duff. If you value the extra legroom the exit row typically offers, pack an oversized scarf or fleece to keep warm.

Finally, when considering a bulkhead seat, remember that you won’t have storage under the seat in front of you, which can be inconvenient if you like easy access to personal items like travel kits or over-the-counter medications. You should also be aware that bulkhead seats tend to be popular with babies and their parents, as they’re an ideal spot for bassinets.

How to Avoid the Worst Seats on a Plane

Consider making an airplane’s seat layout part of the decision-making process when you’re planning which flight to book. For example, if you have a choice between a flight on a plane with a 3-4-3 layout and one on an aircraft with a 2-4-2 layout, consider booking the latter if the fares aren’t too different—because that plane has a lot fewer middle seats you could possibly get stuck in. (Keep in mind, though, that the airline may change its aircraft at the last minute, so you might not want to pay too much extra for a preferred layout.)

Also, check whether the airlines you’re considering charge a fee to choose your seat. If it’s a long flight where comfort is important, opt for an airline that allows you to select your seat for free.

Once you’ve booked, don’t use your airline or booking site’s seat map as your only resource when choosing where to sit. SeatGuru’s detailed aircraft cabin plans flag seats with potential problems such as limited recline, proximity to galleys and/or lavatories, misaligned or missing windows, and reduced seat width. The site also highlights seats that are particularly desirable for one reason or another, such as extra legroom or storage space. As a bonus, you can read reviews and look at pictures from previous flyers who’ve had the seat you’re considering.

Unfortunately, SeatGuru stopped updating its website in 2020, so you won’t find information on newer aircraft, and some older reviews may be outdated.

SeatGuru alternatives include:

• AeroLopa
• SeatMaps

After you’ve figured out the seats you want—and the ones you don’t—it’s time to make your choice. You can usually select your seat when booking or when you check in, though you’ll have more options if you make your choice earlier in the process. If you’re unhappy with your options online, see a gate agent at the airport who may be able to move you.

Many airlines charge extra for the most in-demand seats (such as exit rows or seats with extra legroom), while others make you pay a fee for any seat selection at all. In these cases, the question becomes how much it’s worth to you to claim the seat you want.

“We understand that travelers want to save money on their flight and be comfortable at the same time, and sometimes that [means] you have to pay a bit extra for that comfort,” says Duff. “A lot of the flying experience is out of your control, so why not make sure that you are able to control one thing?”

Keep in mind that choosing your seat in advance is not an ironclad guarantee that you’ll get to sit there. Most airlines’ contracts of carriage permit them to change seat assignments if necessary, and maintenance issues or schedule disruptions could force the carrier to substitute a new plane with a different seat layout. If this happens and you’re unhappy with your new seat assignment, speak with a gate agent as soon as possible and politely ask which alternatives are available.

Note, too, that if you check in late or show up at your gate at the last minute, the airline might assume you’re not coming and give your seat away to someone else. To prevent this, check-in online up to 24 hours in advance and give yourself plenty of time to get to the airport. (For recommendations, see How Early Should I Get to the Airport?)

Some of the links featured in this story are affiliate links, and SmarterTravel may collect a commission (at no cost to you) if you shop through them. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases.

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Minimum Age Restrictions for Car Rentals

You must be at least 21 years old to rent a car in the United States, with the exception of Arizona, Arkansas, Hawaii, Michigan, New York, Oregon, South Dakota, and Utah, where the minimum age to rent a car is 18 years old. However, many rental car companies apply a ‘young driver fee’ to renters younger than 25 years old. 

According to Hertz, this is because, “statistically, drivers under 25 years old are more likely to be involved in an accident, so rental car companies add the surcharge to help protect themselves from the added risk they are assuming.” Practice your due diligence in price comparison before booking—some companies charge a higher fee than others. For AAA members, certain car rental providers will waive the fee entirely. 

International locations also implement minimum age requirements for rental cars, with most destinations setting their minimum age similarly between 18 and 25 years old.

Maximum Age Restrictions on Car Rentals

Here in the U.S., the idea of a maximum rental age is nearly unheard of. But if you’re a senior traveler headed overseas, it’s important to check ahead. Many countries have a minimum and maximum age for renters. Drivers over the age of 70 may face surcharges or not be permitted to rent at all.

For example, Auto Europe’s Web site states that renters in Ireland may not be over age 75, and that those over 70 may be subject to additional fees. (Editor’s Note: An Auto Europe spokesperson tells us that this maximum age does not necessarily apply to all of the company’s suppliers.) On Budget Rent a Car’s Web site, we found maximum age of 85 in Aruba, and on Enterprise there is a maximum age of 75 for car rentals in Montego Bay. Apollo Car Rental in Australia permits renters over the age of 75, but only with a doctor’s note.

Seniors can often evade these restrictions by shopping around, as terms and conditions vary widely from company to company. An 80-year-old traveler looking to rent in Ireland can try booking with Hertz, which permits renters over 75 as long as they’re willing to jump through a few hoops.

According to the policies on their website:

Customers over 75 years are eligible to rent with the following specific conditions:

• You must drive on a regular basis;
• You will need to provide to the counter a letter from your insurance company to state that you have not had an accident within the last 5 years, that you hold a current policy of motor insurance with you and that you are currently driving;
• You will need to provide a current letter from your doctor to state you have been in good health.

An 80-year-old reader reported that she was able to rent a car at the Dublin airport through Dan Dooley Car Rental, a local outfit.

No matter your age, never book a car without reading the fine print. If you’re traveling with a younger companion, you can save money and avoid hassle by naming that person as the driver on your rental contract. Similarly for younger travelers, if a member of your group is a licensed driver over 25 years old, let them handle the rental.

The post Surprising Rental Car Age Restrictions appeared first on SmarterTravel.

I’ve gathered answers to these and other common airport security questions to help you figure out your packing strategy under the TSA’s carry-on rules. With air traffic soaring, it’s more important than ever to follow the guidelines—that way you won’t be the fool holding up your entire security line.

Q. Are liquids and gels permitted in my checked baggage?

A. Yes. The liquid/gel restrictions only apply to carry-on baggage so you can pack liquids of any size in your checked baggage. However, flammable liquids, such as cooking fuel, are not permitted in checked bags. Alcoholic beverages with more than 24 percent but not more than 70 percent alcohol are limited to 5 liters (1.3 gallons) per passenger in checked bags. These beverages must be unopened and in retail packaging. Alcoholic beverages over 140 proof (with 70 percent or higher alcohol) are not allowed in checked or carry-on baggage in any quantities.

Q. May I bring liquids and gels in my carry-on?

A. Yes, but only in limited amounts. Liquids, gels, and aerosols must be in individual containers of 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters) or less and placed inside one clear, quart-size, plastic, zip-top bag. Ziploc bags are TSA-approved. You’ll need to bring your own quart-size bag, as the TSA does not provide Ziploc bags.

The TSA emphasizes that containers should fit comfortably into the bag and that only one bag is permitted per passenger. If you must bring more than 3.4 ounces of any liquid or gel substance, it should go into your checked luggage or be shipped ahead.

Q. What Does the TSA Consider a Liquid or Gel?

The TSA considers anything that “has no definite shape and takes a shape dictated by its container” to be a liquid and subjected to the 3-1-1 rule. Some surprising items considered a liquid are:

• Toothpaste
• Peanut butter
• Yogurt
• Makeup
• Energy gels

However, liquids that are frozen solid can be taken through security. According to the TSA, “If frozen liquid items are partially melted, slushy, or have any liquid at the bottom of the container, they must meet 3-1-1 liquids requirements.”

This means you can take fully frozen ice packs or bottles of water through as long as they have not begun to melt.

Q. What about prescription medications, baby formula, milk, or baby/toddler food?

A. These substances are exempt from the rules above. As long as you declare them at the security checkpoint, you may carry more than 3.4 ounces, and they do not need to be placed in a plastic bag. The TSA recommends but does not require that prescription medications be in their original labeled containers to expedite the screening process. The TSA also makes exceptions for other medical necessities such as insulin, eye drops, or syringes. Just make sure to present these items to the security officer when you reach the checkpoint.

Medically necessary liquids exempt from the 3-1-1 rule include:

• Medicine and necessary medical accessories (including ice packs, freezer packs, gel packs, and syringes)
• Formula
• Breast milk
• Toddler drinks
• Baby/toddler food (including puree pouches)
• Breast milk/formula cooling accessories (including ice packs, freezer packs, and gel packs)

Note that your child does not need to be present or traveling with you in order for you to bring breast milk, formula, or related supplies through security.

Before you go through screening, notify a TSA officer that you have medically necessary liquids. Put them in a bin separate from your other items. You also have the right to opt out of having your medically necessary liquids screened by X-ray or opened. The TSA can clear you through additional steps, such as AIT screening or a pat-down.

Q. May I pour shampoo and other liquids or gels into unmarked, travel-size containers?

A. Yes, refillable travel-size containers are acceptable.

Q. Can I bring powders on a plane?

A. As of June 2018, powdered items such as coffee, spices, and baby powder in excess of 12 ounces will be subject to additional screening. The TSA recommends putting large quantities of powder in checked baggage as “Powder-like substances over 12 oz. or 350mL in carry-on that cannot be resolved at the central checkpoint will not be allowed onto the cabin of the aircraft and will be disposed of.”

Q. Do solid vitamins and medications need to be packed in their original containers?

A. While keeping medications and vitamins in their original labeled containers may expedite the screening process, it’s fine to transfer them into more convenient smaller containers such as daily pill minders. There are no limitations as to how much solid medication you can fly with, and Nitroglycerin tablets and sprays are permitted on airplanes.

Always travel with your medicine in your carry-on in case your checked luggage gets lost (or your flight is delayed and you need access to it).

You can request to have a visual inspection of your medication if you don’t want it X-rayed.

Q: What type of shoes should I wear through security?

Consider slip-on shoes that can easily be removed at the checkpoint. Unless you have TSA PreCheck, you’ll have to remove your shoes when going through security. Avoid boots or shoes with lots of metal, which can set off alarms. Don’t forget to wear socks so you don’t have to walk on the dirty airport floor barefoot.

Q. Can I take makeup on a plane?

A. Makeup is subject to the same liquid and gel rules as all other substances—so if you’re bringing mascara, lip stain, concealer, or other liquid- or gel-like items, they will need to be placed in your quart-size plastic bag in 3.4-ounce or smaller containers. Lipstick, solid lip balms (such as ChapStick), and other solid beauty products are not subject to the rules and may be carried in your hand luggage without restriction. Powders, such as blush or face powder, are subject to the rules noted above.

Q. What are the TSA rules for deodorant?

A. Standard stick deodorant is fine to bring on a plane in either your checked or carry-on bag in any size. Spray, gel, liquid, cream, paste, or roll-on deodorant is subject to the liquid/gel restrictions and may not be carried on in excess of 3.4 ounces.

Q. Can I bring food on a plane?

A. The same liquid and gel restrictions apply when you want to bring food through airport security. Even though a TSA representative once told me to “try not to over-think” the guidelines, that can be tricky when it comes to food. Does a cheesecake count as a gel or a solid? What about pecan pie? And can you bring your holiday leftovers like turkey, stuffing, and mashed potatoes?

A TSA rep told me that turkey and stuffing should be solid enough to pass muster, but mashed potatoes are a bit too gel-like. As for baked goods, the latest word from the TSA is that travelers can take pies, cakes, and other bakery products through security—but be prepared for additional screening.

You may bring solid snack foods such as pretzels, potato chips, sandwiches, or carrot sticks for the plane, but spreadable items like peanut butter or hummus are subject to the 3-1-1 rule. Single-serving packages of condiments are permitted as long as they fit within your single zip-top bag. All food must be securely wrapped or in a spill-proof container.

My advice? If you have any doubts about a particular food, either check it or leave it at home. After all, you can always buy food or drinks after you pass through the security checkpoint if you need some munchies for the plane.

Q. If I purchase beverages or other liquids/gels beyond the security checkpoint at the airport, may I bring them on the plane?

A. In most cases, yes. However, there are some airports (particularly overseas) where you may face additional screening at the gate before boarding, so you may occasionally have to give up larger bottles.

Q. How does the TSA handle screening for children?

A. Children 12 and under do not need to remove shoes, light jackets, or headwear before going through the checkpoint. If the metal detector or full-body scanner finds anomalies, the screener may choose to let the child go through again and/or swab the child’s hands for explosives in lieu of a pat-down. Children age 13 and up are subject to the same screening processes as adults.

Children will not be separated from their parents/guardians at security. However, you must remove children from strollers and car seats and carry them through the walk-through metal detector. Infants can be carried through security in a sling or carrier, but this may cause additional screening.

Q. Are there any special TSA rules for seniors?

A. Yes. Seniors 75 and older can leave on their shoes during screening (although they may have to remove them if the screener finds any anomalies).

Passengers 75 or older who are unable to stand for screening can be screened through other security methods.

Q. What are the TSA rules for lithium batteries?

A. Loose lithium batteries are not permitted in checked bags. If your batteries are installed in a device (such as a camera), you may pack the device in either a checked bag or a carry-on, but loose lithium batteries may only be transported in your carry-on luggage. Certain quantity limits apply to both loose and installed batteries; for more information, see these FAA guidelines.

Q. May I bring a cigarette lighter on a plane? What about e-cigarettes?

A. Common lighters without fuel are permitted in carry-on or checked baggage. However, you must ensure that the lighter does not accidentally turn on while on the flight. According to the TSA, “Examples of effective measures to prevent unintentional activation include, but are not limited to: removing the battery from the lighter; placing the lighter into a protective case; and/or using a protective cover, safety latch, or locking device on the lighter’s activation button.”

Torch lighters (which are typically used to light pipes and cigars) are prohibited in either type of baggage. E-cigarettes and vaping devices are only permitted in carry-on luggage, not in your checked bag, and measures must be taken to prevent accidental activation of the heating element.

Q. May I bring tweezers, razors, or scissors on the plane?

A. Tweezers are permitted, as are electric razors, disposable razors, and their cartridges. Straight razors are only permitted in your carry-on as long as the blades are packed in your checked baggage. Only razor blades in cartridges are allowed in carry-ons. Scissors are allowed on a plane in your carry-on bag as long as the blades do not exceed four inches; otherwise, they should go in your checked bag. (For travel, consider small folding safety scissors such as these.)

Ensure that sharp objects are sheathed or securely wrapped so that baggage handlers and inspectors don’t get injured.

Q. May I bring needlepoint or knitting needles on the plane?

A. Yes. However, circular thread cutters, scissors longer than four inches, and other needlepoint tools with blades must be packed in checked luggage.

Q. May I bring CBD oil or marijuana on the plane?

A. That depends. If you’re flying within the United States, it is legal to travel with products that contain no more than 0.3 percent THC. If you’re traveling internationally, you may be better off leaving these products at home unless you’ve thoroughly researched your destination’s laws and know that what you’re bringing is legal.

Since marijuana is illegal under federal law, it is not permitted on airplanes or at airports. Some airports have “safe harbor” boxes where you can dispose of any marijuana before passing through screening.

According to the TSA, “TSA security officers do not search for marijuana or other illegal drugs, but if any illegal substance is discovered during security screening, TSA will refer the matter to a law enforcement officer.”

Q. Are security rules different for international travel?

A. The European Union (E.U.), Australia, Japan, Singapore, New Zealand, Norway, and numerous other countries have adopted similar security restrictions to those in the U.S. You are permitted 100-milliliter containers of liquid and gel substances, packed within a clear, resealable, one-liter plastic bag.

Most international airports will require you to remove your shoes before going through security screening, and TSA PreCheck does not apply in foreign countries.

If you’re not sure which airport security rules will apply in the country you’re visiting, contact your airline or the local tourist board for advice.

Q. May I bring duty-free liquids in my carry-on bags?

A. Duty-free liquids, such as perfume or alcohol, are permitted in excess of 3.4 ounces under the following conditions:

• The duty-free liquids were purchased internationally and you are traveling to the United States with a connecting flight
• The liquids are packed in a tamper-evident, transparent bag by the retailer
• The bag does not show signs of tampering
• You have the original proof of purchase for the liquids that shows you bought it within 48 hours

Q. May I bring dry ice on a plane?

A. Passengers may bring up to 5.5 pounds of dry ice in either their carry-on or checked bag as long as it’s clearly marked as dry ice and stored in a package that allows proper venting. Airline approval is required to bring dry ice aboard. Ice in your carry-on must be in a solid state when going through the security checkpoint. That said, a DOT spokesperson recommends that travelers avoid packing dry ice in carry-on luggage, as individual TSA agents unfamiliar with the regulations may confiscate the substance.

Q. I have a hearing aid, wheelchair, CPAP machine, pacemaker, or another medical device. How will this be handled during my security screening?

A. Although there have been horror stories about the TSA’s treatment of flyers with disabilities and medical conditions, most security officers are discreet and professional. As soon as you approach the TSA agent, disclose your medical issue so that he or she can determine the best way to screen you and any equipment you may be carrying. The TSA does not require travelers to carry a doctor’s note describing their condition, but having this written description may help expedite the screening process.

Passengers with non-visible disabilities and medical conditions, such as Alzheimer’s or autism spectrum disorder, can be screened without being separated from their traveling companion.

Q. Can I take my pet through airport security?

A. You can take your pet through airport security (make sure you have approval from your airline to bring a pet onboard). When going through security, you’ll need to remove your pet from the carrying case and put the case through the x-ray machine. Your pet must be leashed and remain under your control.

Service animals and their collars, harnesses, leashes, backpacks, and vests are subject to screening. However, you will not have to remove items that are necessary to maintain control of the service animal. If you need to take your service animal outside for a bathroom break, you’ll have to go through security again. You can request to skip the line upon your return.

Q. How early should I arrive at the airport to allow for screening?

A. It’s best to arrive at the airport two hours before a domestic flight, especially if you’re traveling during the summer, the holidays, or another particularly busy time of year. If you’re flying internationally, you should allow yourself even more time (around three hours). For more information, see How Early Should I Get to the Airport?

Q. I forgot my identification, can I still fly?

A. The TSA can confirm your identity in other ways, like searching publicly available databases, so you may still be allowed to fly. Plan for this additional screening to add a significant amount of time. If your identity cannot be verified, you will not be allowed to fly.

Q. What should I expect at the security checkpoint?

A. You will have to put your shoes, clear plastic bag of liquids, jacket, jewelry, cell phone, keys, and metal items into a bin for screening before you step through the metal detector or the full-body scanning machine. (If you opt out of the full-body scan, you will face an “enhanced” pat-down, which is performed by a security officer of your gender and covers all areas of the body, including the groin, buttocks, and breasts.) You might also need to remove your belt if it has any metal parts. (Consider a belt with a plastic buckle to avoid this.) Laptops, tablets, and other electronics larger than a cell phone should be removed from their cases and screened individually.

Save time by putting metal items into your carry-on before you get to the checkpoint, taking your electronic items out of their cases, and wearing easily removable footwear.

TSA PreCheck members do not have to remove shoes, laptops, liquids, or light jackets for screening.

Q. Can I keep on head coverings and other religious items on during screening?

A. Head coverings, loose fitting, or bulky garments can be left on during screening. However, these items may trigger additional security screening, including a pat-down. If the alarm cannot be resolved through a pat-down, you may be asked to remove the head covering in a private screening area.

Q. If I go through the full-body scanner once and it brings up an alert, can I request to go through again before having a pat-down?

A. According to a TSA representative, you may request to be rescanned before submitting to a pat-down, but it’s up to the individual TSA officer to decide whether to grant that request based on whether the situation meets security protocols.

Q. I’m bringing birthday or holiday gifts. What’s the best way to pack them?

A. Do not pack wrapped gifts in either your carry-on or checked baggage, as the TSA may unwrap them for inspection. Your best bet is to wrap your gifts once you arrive at your destination, or ship them ahead of time. You can also put items in gift bags that are easy for the TSA to examine.

Q. May I bring electronic items on the plane or in my checked luggage? If so, how should I pack them?

A. Laptops, cameras, tablets, hand-held video game consoles, e-readers, and most other standard electronic devices are permitted in both checked and carry-on luggage. (It’s best to keep them in your carry-on to reduce the risk of loss or theft.)

As noted above, you should be prepared to remove most of these devices from their cases at the security checkpoint. Because electronic items tend to be frequent targets for security screening, you might want to pack these near the top of your bag so that inspectors don’t need to unpack your whole suitcase to get to them.

You do not need to remove phone chargers or cables at airport security.

Q. Can I lock my checked suitcase?

A. Yes, but you’ll need to use a TSA-approved lock so that screeners can open it if your bag is selected for inspection. Baggage screeners will simply cut off non-approved locks if they need to get into your bag. For more information, see Luggage Locks: Should I Lock My Suitcase When I Fly?

Q. What happens if I forget an item at airport security?

A. Contact the lost and found department at your airport if you lose an item at the security checkpoint.

Q. What are the screening procedures for transgender passengers?

The TSA has gender diversity guidelines in place, and transgender persons will be screened as they present at the security checkpoint. “The advanced imaging technology used to screen passengers has software that looks at the anatomy of men and women differently,” says the TSA. “If there is an alarm, TSA officers are trained to clear the alarm, not the individual.”

You can request a private screening if that is more comfortable for you.

Q. Can I film and take photos at a security checkpoint?

A. Photographing, videotaping, and filming are allowed at security checkpoints “as long as the screening process is not interfered with or sensitive information is not revealed.” You cannot hold a recording device up to the face of a TSA officer, block the movement of others while filming, or take video/photos of equipment monitors shielded from public view.

Q. Is there a faster way to get through security?

A. Yes. Consider signing up for TSA’s PreCheck program, which offers access to expedited security lines. If you frequently travel internationally, consider getting Global Entry instead, which includes PreCheck membership. To learn more, see Global Entry vs. TSA PreCheck: Which is Better?

Q. Where can I find more information about airport security?

A. Check TSA.gov for packing tips, a searchable list of permitted and prohibited items, and information for travelers who require additional assistance or accommodation.

Editor’s note: This story was originally published in 2017. It has been updated to reflect the most current information. Caroline Morse Teel contributed to this story.

The post Airport Security Frequently Asked Questions appeared first on SmarterTravel.

To qualify for consideration for our cheapest Caribbean islands list, the destination must also be ranked in the top half of the Price of Travel’s index of the cheapest Caribbean islands. This index measures the relative affordability of Caribbean islands by comparing hotel rates and airfare in high season.

These are the nine cheapest Caribbean islands to visit.

Cozumel

This small island off the coast of Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula is known for its white sand beaches, colorful marine life, and the Mayan ruins of San Gervasio. While you can fly directly to Cozumel from numerous U.S. airports, including Houston, Denver, Chicago, and New York, you can often save hundreds of dollars by flying to Cancún instead and then taking a ferry to Cozumel from nearby Playa del Carmen. The ferry ride takes approximately 45 minutes and costs around $28 for a round-trip ticket.

Flights to Cancún from most major U.S. airports can be found in the $300-$400 range regularly throughout the year, with many fares falling below the $300 mark.

You’ll likely find cheaper hotel nightly rates between August and November. (Note that this falls within Caribbean hurricane season.)

Where to Stay: The Westin Cozumel, a four-star luxury hotel with a prime beachfront location, has all-inclusive rates in ocean-view rooms starting at $280 per person.  

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Jamaica

Eco-adventurers will find plenty to do in Jamaica, from swimming in waterfalls to zip-lining through the rainforest. Only-in-Jamaica spots to visit include the Bob Marley Museum and the Rastafari Indigenous Village. And, of course, there are plenty of beaches to relax on between excursions.

With three main tourist areas—Montego Bay, Ocho Rios, and Negril—you can price-shop for the best rates for your Caribbean vacation. Again, travel between May and October may offer lower rates because of hurricane season.

Many US hubs, including Atlanta, Charlotte, Miami, New York, and Philadelphia, offer direct flights to Jamaica. Keep an eye out for good deals, as you can often find cheap flights to Jamaica for $300 or less.
Where to Stay: For an affordable adults-only Caribbean escape, check out the Ocean Eden Bay, which offers all-inclusive rates starting at around $319 per night.

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Puerto Rico

In Puerto Rico, you can split your vacation between the lush El Yunque Rainforest, the island’s wide sandy beaches, and the vibrant streets of Old San Juan. A boat trip into one of the island’s bioluminescent bays is another must-do.

Fares from major East Coast airports to San Juan are consistently low, with many round-trip options costing less than $200. Fares from departure airports further west remain reasonable, with options below $300. Budget airline Fronteir serves San Juan and often has sales offering tickets for as low as $100 round-trip.

It’s easy to budget for expenses in Puerto Rico, as the local currency is the U.S. dollar. Bonus: You don’t need to pay for a passport to get there. And with a variety of hotel options all over the island, it’s not hard to find one in your price range.

Where to Stay: The four-star Abitta Boutique Hotel is conveniently located across from the ferry terminal and offers rates under $200 per night.

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Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic is probably the cheapest Caribbean island to visit if you’re looking for affordable, all-inclusive deals. You’ll find dozens of packages in Punta Cana on CheapCaribbean.com, with prices as low as $640 per person for air and three nights’ accommodations. Activities in the area include snorkeling, zip-lining, and off-road ATV tours through the jungle. 

There are plenty of popular resort areas in the Dominican Republic where you can focus your hotel search, including La Romana, Puerto Plata, and Samana.

Where to Stay: If you prefer to explore the island and skip the all-inclusive, the four-star Dominican Fiesta Hotel has room rates starting at $84 per night.

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Curaçao

You can’t go wrong with a visit to the “C” of the ABC Islands, especially during the spring or fall shoulder season, when you’ll find even more savings. And since Curaçao falls outside the hurricane belt, you can book a trip here without worrying too much about the weather. Whether you visit for the numerous festivals or the pleasant beach weather year-round, on a Caribbean visit to Curaçao you’ll fall in love with the local food trucks, colorful Dutch architecture, unparalleled snorkel spots, and secret beaches.

With nonstop flight options from major U.S. cities like Newark, New York’s JFK, and Miami, Curaçao is highly accessible from the East Coast.

Where to stay: The island has plenty of hotel inventory with competitive nightly rates. Check out ACOYA Curaçao Resort, Villas, & Spa in downtown Willemstad, which starts around $114 per night.

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Or try The Rif at Mangrove Beach, which has all-inclusive rates for under $300 per night.

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Martinique

This French overseas region attracts a sophisticated crowd, particularly travelers from Canada and Europe looking for a cosmopolitan Caribbean experience.

If you’re not the type of traveler who likes to lounge on the beach for your whole vacation, Martinique is the right island for you, as the mountainous landscape offers plenty of hiking opportunities. Culinary enthusiasts will delight in the island’s gastronomic scene, which fuses French techniques with Caribbean flavors and local ingredients.

The island’s international appeal is evident in its air connections, with direct flights from North American cities like Miami, Montreal, and Toronto, as well as European hubs such as Paris, Frankfurt, and Rome. 

If you’re willing to be flexible with your dates, you can often find flights from the US for around $400-$500.
Where to stay: There are plenty of small, rustic bed and breakfasts in Martinique that offer rooms for under $100 per night, but if you’re looking for a more luxurious experience, Hotel Diamant Les Bains is a highly-rated four-star hotel with affordable nightly rates of around $170.

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Grenada

Grenada’s nickname, “The Spice Island,” is well-earned. The air is perfumed with the subtle aroma of nutmeg, a testament to the island’s rich agricultural heritage. But spices are just the beginning—Grenada’s appeal lies in its unspoiled nature, secluded beaches, and relaxed pace. 

Accommodations range from comfortable mid-range resorts to exclusive luxury retreats catering to various budgets and preferences. You can find direct flights to Grenada from Miami, New York City, and Charlotte, but expect to pay a premium for the convenience. If you’re willing to have a layover, you can find great airfare deals for as low as $300. 

Where to stay: The Radisson Grenada overlooks the world-famous Grand Anse Beach and has two beautiful outdoor swimming pools. You can find rooms at this four-star resort for under $200 per night. 

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Barbados

JetBlue and American Airlines have recently expanded their service to Barbados to meet increased travel demand, which has helped drive down the airfare prices to this eastern Caribbean gem. If you’re willing to travel in the off-season, you can find flights for as low as $200 round-trip.

The island draws scuba divers and snorkelers because of its reputation as a great diving destination. But Barbados is far more than just its stunning coastline. While the beaches rightfully claim fame with their powdery sands and crystal-clear waters, the island is also home to Bridgetown, a Unesco World Heritage-listed capital city.

Where to stay: There’s a wide range of accommodations in Barbados, where you’ll find $104 per night properties right next door to $2,000 per night resorts. Crystal Cove occupies an excellent middle ground, with all-inclusive rates for as low as $350 per night. 

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Antigua

Known for its breathtaking beauty, Antigua boasts an impressive 365 beaches—one for every day of the year. These pristine stretches of sand, lapped by crystal-clear turquoise waters, range from secluded coves to lively party beaches. 

Surprisingly affordable flights make Antigua one of the more budget-friendly options among the smaller Caribbean islands. If you want to spend those airfare savings on a hotel, there are plenty of splurge-worthy luxury resorts that will cater to your every whim and desire. However, you can stick to a budget here as well, with four-star resorts available for as low as $99 per night. 

Where to stay: If you’re in the mood for a romantic all-inclusive vacation, Cocos Hotel is an adults-only resort that caters to couples. Rates start at around $450 per night.

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For a cheaper hotel option, the Antigua Yacht Club Marina & Resort has rooms for as low as $99 per night.

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Tips for Saving Money on Caribbean Trips

No matter which Caribbean island paradise you choose, following a few simple tips can help you save money on your vacation.

• Be flexible with your dates—most airlines do not operate daily flights to the Caribbean, so you can find better schedules and deals by being open to traveling on any day of the week
• Travel during the Caribbean’s off-season, June through November. However, be aware that this is hurricane season, and purchase travel insurance to protect your trip.
• Sign up for airfare alerts on our sister site, Airfarewatchdog, which will let you know when ticket prices fall.
• Search for flight and package deals at all-inclusive resorts. Cheap Caribbean, JetBlue Vacations, and Travelzoo are all good places to look.
• Sign up for emails from resorts you’re interested in, as they often send out promotions or sales.

Editor’s note: This story was originally published in 2019. It has been updated to reflect the most current information. Sarah Schlichter contributed to this story.

The post The Cheapest Caribbean Islands to Visit appeared first on SmarterTravel.

Don’t Bring Liquids or Gels Larger Than 3.4 Ounces (100 Milliliters)

Let’s start with the basics of how to pack a carry-on: If you’re traveling with a full-size bottle of shampoo or sunscreen, it must go in your checked bag, not your carry-on. The world’s airports restrict liquid/gel items in your hand luggage to bottles no larger than 3.4 ounces (100 milliliters); they all must fit within a single quart-size (or liter-size) zip-top plastic bag.

This means that if you’re going to pick up a bottle of water or soda for the plane, be sure to buy it and stow it in your carry-on after security, not before. (Don’t be that bleary-eyed traveler who shows up at an early-morning checkpoint with a cup of coffee you just bought, only to have to throw it away.)

Note that there are a few exceptions to this rule, including essential medications and food for infants or children.

Don’t Pack Other Prohibited Items

Each country’s government has slightly different rules about what can and can’t be brought aboard a plane, but as a general rule you should never put any of the following in your carry-on: firearms, explosives, baseball bats or other sporting equipment that could be used as weapons, self-defense sprays (such as mace), and sharp objects such as knives and safety razors.

Scissors are generally okay when packing a carry-on, as long as the blades are shorter than 4 inches (or 6 centimeters in some countries). Nail clippers and disposable razors will also pass muster in most parts of the world. Swiss Army knives, however, are a no-go. Snow globes are not permitted unless they’re small enough to fit inside your quart-size plastic bag with the rest of your liquids and gels.

You can find lists of prohibited items for the following destinations at the links below. If you’re flying to or from a different country, do a Google search for its security rules, or call your airline.

• United States
• Canada
• European Union
• Australia
• New Zealand

Don’t Bury Your Liquids and Gels Deep in Your Bag

Save time in the security line by making sure your plastic bag of liquids and gels is right at the top of your carry-on or in an easily accessible pocket—that way you’re not digging around for it while the passengers behind you tap their toes in irritation. The same goes for a laptop computer; unless you’re in an expedited travel line (such as TSA PreCheck in the U.S.), you’ll have to take this out at the security checkpoint for screening.

However, due to new technology coming many airports, many passengers are now allowed to leave liquids and electronics in their bag when going through security. Pay attention to instructions from the TSA agent at your particular airport when moving through the line.

Don’t Pack Too Much

You’re aware that checked bags are subject to extra fees if they’re overweight or oversized—but did you know that many airlines weigh carry-on bags as well? Both Qantas and Air New Zealand, for example, have a 15-pound weight limit for carry-on bags (7 kilograms), while Air France allows a more generous 26 pounds (12 kg) as the total weight of your carry-on plus your personal item. Consider buying a small luggage scale to weigh your bag before you leave; that way you can redistribute or discard items in the privacy of your home rather than at the airport counter.

Many other airlines, including the biggest U.S. carriers, do not currently have weight limits for carry-on bags, but they do have size limits—and unfortunately, they’re shrinking. Check your airline’s site for carry-on size restrictions well before your flight to make sure you have appropriate luggage.

Don’t Assume Your Carry-on Won’t Be Gate-Checked

Even if your bag is perfectly within your airline’s weight and size limits, you might still have to check it at the gate if the plane is very full or it’s a smaller aircraft than expected. Just in case this happens to you, make sure everything truly vital—travel documents, pricey gadgets, medicine—is stowed in the personal item you keep with you, not in the carry-on you gate-check.

Also, make sure there’s a luggage tag on your carry-on; gate-checked bags are occasionally mishandled just as regular checked bags are, and you’ll want your contact information on the bag in case your airline sends it astray.

Don’t Forget Your In-Flight Essentials

Especially for longer flights, you’ll want to stock your carry-on bag with must-haves such as earbuds/headphones (some airlines charge for these), antibacterial hand sanitizer (to help you avoid in-flight germs), an eye mask, a travel pillow, and plenty of reading material. For more ideas, see The Essential Carry-on Bag Packing List.

Don’t Forget to Prepay for Your Carry-on

Some low-cost carriers, including Spirit and Frontier, charge fees not only for checked bags but also for carry-ons. You will pay the lowest possible fee for your carry-on if you pay it online in advance rather than when you arrive at the airport. If you know you’ll be bringing a carry-on aboard your flight, pay for it when you book.

Editor’s note: This story was originally published in 2017. It has been updated to reflect the most current information.

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And then there are the cities that simply aren’t so interesting.

In this list of the most boring cities in the world, we’ve identified urban centers that lack character, charm, or show-stopping tourist attractions, especially in comparison to other cities nearby. Of course, “boring” is a matter of taste, and we’re not suggesting that the places in this list aren’t worth visiting at all—merely that you might not want to spend too many of your precious vacation days there. (That said, an open-minded traveler can find the fun in any boring place.)

Read on to discover the world’s most boring cities.

Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A.

Atlanta has several appealing attractions, such as the birthplace of Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Georgia Aquarium, one of the world’s largest. But this sprawling metropolis lacks the compact historic charm of many other Southern cities, and you’ll need a car to get to the interesting neighborhoods outside of the unremarkable downtown.

Where to Go Instead: New Orleans, Charleston, Miami

Nagoya, Japan

In October 2016, a headline in the Japan Times declared Nagoya “the most boring city in Japan.” While that might be a little harsh, Nagoya is an industrial center that was largely destroyed during World War II. The rebuilt city has little historic appeal for tourists, though there are a few museums worth a visit. If your time in Japan is limited, it’s best spent elsewhere.

Where to Go Instead: Tokyo, Kyoto, Nara

Casablanca, Morocco

If you’ve seen the movie Casablanca, you probably picture this Moroccan city as an exotic, romantic place, but the reality is a little less interesting. While most Moroccan cities have a historic medina (walled old town) full of colorful markets and narrow alleys, Casablanca’s is small and run-down, with vendors selling mostly cheap modern items instead of traditional goods. You’ll want to visit Casablanca for a day so you can tour the magnificent Hassan II Mosque, but then move on to Morocco’s more beautiful imperial cities.

Where to Go Instead: Marrakech, Fes

Ottawa, Canada

A local columnist once skewered Ottawa as “Coma City” and “the city that fun forgot.” While the Canadian capital has plenty of fine museums and leafy parks, this civil servant-filled city can feel a little quiet and dull, especially when compared to charismatic Montreal or dynamic, diverse Toronto.

Where to Go Instead: Toronto, Montreal, Quebec City

Frankfurt, Germany

Thanks to heavy World War II bombing that destroyed most of its medieval buildings, Frankfurt is a mostly modern metropolis with only a small Altstadt (Old City) for travelers to explore. The main art and natural history museums are worth a visit, as is Palmengarten (a large botanical garden), but most travelers don’t linger long in this financial hub.

Where to Go Instead: Munich, Berlin

Nassau, Bahamas

Swarmed by cruise passengers and built up with duty-free shops and mega-resorts, Nassau offers plenty of attractions—beaches, gardens, historic forts—but you’ll have to contend with the crowds to enjoy them. While it can be fun your first time, people who cruise regularly often find themselves skipping Nassau port calls after a visit or two.

Where to Go Instead: San Juan, Key West

Canberra, Australia

Australia’s capital city suffers in comparison to its more famous East Coast neighbors, lacking Sydney’s spectacular natural beauty and Melbourne’s cutting-edge cultural scene. Canberra is a quiet, pleasant place with several interesting museums, but its somewhat remote inland location, lack of walkability, and subdued nightlife make it feel rather bland.

Where to Go Instead: Sydney, Melbourne

Zurich, Switzerland

Safe, affluent Zurich offers a beautiful Old Town and refreshing views of the Alps—so why did it make this list? Many tourists find it almost too clean and tidy, to the point of feeling sterile. The high cost of living and somewhat conservative locals (Zurich has a large population of bankers) further knock this Swiss city into the “boring” column.

Where to Go Instead: Lucerne, Basel

Guayaquil, Ecuador

Sprawling Guayaquil is Ecuador’s largest city and most important commercial center, but it’s not particularly enticing to tourists. Its key sights—the riverfront Malecon area, the historic hilltop Las Penas neighborhood, a quirky park filled with iguanas—are pleasant but not particularly memorable, and can easily be explored in a day.

Where to Go Instead: Quito, Cuenca

Editor’s note: This story was originally published in 2017. It has been updated to reflect the most current information. Some of the links featured in this story are affiliate links, and SmarterTravel may collect a commission (at no cost to you) if you shop through them. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases.

The post The 9 Most Boring Cities in the World appeared first on SmarterTravel.

Note that all trips and single supplement discounts were available at the time of publication, but they could sell out at any time. If you’re interested in these solo vacations, it’s best to book early.

Explore Madeira, Portugal, on Foot

Sweeping coastal views, sleepy fishing villages, and sheltered forests await on one of Exodus Travels’ Madeira walking tour itinerary. The eight-night trip includes leisurely walks of up to nine miles a day along some of Madeira’s most breathtaking hiking trails. The trip ends with free time to explore Funchal, the island’s historic capital. Exodus will match you with a roommate, or you can pay a modest single supplement for your own room. Departures are available every month throughout 2024.

See Morocco from the Mountains to the Desert

Overseas Adventure Travel is one of the best tour operators for solo vacations, thanks to free single supplements on most trips. That includes one of its most popular tours, the 15-night Morocco Sahara Odyssey, which takes you through the narrow streets of ancient medinas, over the sand dunes of the Sahara Desert, and through the dramatic peaks of the High Atlas Mountains. Unique experiences include lunch in a Berber home and a couple of nights under the desert sky in a private tented camp. This trip has available departures in May and between August and December 2024.

Camp in Utah’s National Parks

Join REI on a stunning eight-day journey through the national parks of Utah. Hike and camp in Canyonlands, Arches, Capitol Reef, Bryce Canyon, and Zion National Parks as you learn about the nature, geology, and cultural history of the region from REI’s experienced guides. The package includes access to group cooking gear and first aid kits, a tent, and a sleeping pad. Check out their gear list for more information on what to pack.

Explore Northern India’s Icons

See the Taj Mahal and much more on this dedicated solo trip to India from Intrepid Travel. The seven-night itinerary starts and ends in bustling Delhi, where you’ll discover the city’s oldest mosque and have free time to explore on your own. Then you’ll head to Jaipur to visit royal palaces and soar above the city in a hot air balloon before visiting the 14th-century village of Karauli and touring the magnificent Taj Mahal. Intrepid will match you with a same-gender roommate so you can avoid paying a single supplement. This trip departs on select dates between May and December 2024.

Summit Mount Kilimanjaro

A bucket list trip for many avid hikers, summiting Mount Kilimanjaro can seem like a hefty task to undertake by oneself. However travelers partaking in World Expedition’s Kilimanjaro Lemosho Route will feel anything but alone. With dozens of experienced guides, porters, and chefs to support you on the trek and a group of like-minded adventurers by your side, travelers are sure to come out of the 10-day experience with new friends and once-in-a-lifetime memories.

Discover Ireland Your Way

Not big on group tours? Consider Great Value Vacations’ Irish B&B Getaway package, which includes airfare, a rental car, and accommodations at bed and breakfasts around Ireland, allowing you to wend your way through the countryside at your own pace. Highlights include dramatic coastal roads, lively villages, and historic castles. The itinerary can be customized for six to twelve nights, and you may depart any month of the year.

See Japan by Train

Hop on a bullet train to speed between destinations around the country on G Adventures’ Japan Express: Osaka to Tokyo tour. Travelers can visit shrines in Kyoto, explore the Harajuku district of Tokyo, and enjoy a boat ride on Lake Ashino-ko where, weather-dependent, you may be able to catch a glimpse of the famous Mount Fuji. Some G Adventures tours offers a single supplement option, however on most tours travelers will be paired with a roommate of the same gender.

Spot Rare Wildlife in Madagascar

Keep an eye out for lemurs, chameleons, boa constrictors, and numerous rare birds as you travel with Explore! through Madagascar: The Lost Continent.  In addition to wildlife-watching treks through the island’s national parks, this itinerary also features a walk along a spectacular canyon, a visit to Madagascar’s oldest palace, and a stay in a local community guesthouse. Explore! will match you with a same-gender roommate if you don’t wish to pay a single supplement. This trip has departures between May and November 2024.

Enjoy Nature in Costa Rica

Discover the beauty and biodiversity of Costa Rica with Road Scholar’s nine-night Taste of Costa Rica package. Highlights include river rafting in the Sarapiquí River, Latin dance lessons, a walk through a cloud forest, and a visit to the Monteverde Butterfly Garden. Road Scholar is currently offering single rooms at no added cost on this itinerary. This trip has several departures between May and December 2024.

Discover the Best of Tuscany and Umbria, Italy

There’s a reason Tuscany and neighboring Umbria are two of Italy’s most beloved regions. Discover them for yourself on Insight Vacations’ Country Roads of Umbria & Tuscany tour, an eight-night voyage to destinations such as Florence, Assisi, Siena, and San Gimignano. You’ll enjoy a pasta-making demonstration in Baschi, then learn about traditional textile weaving in Perugia and visit a family-run olive mill in Assisi. If you do not opt for a single supplement, you will be matched with a roommate of the same gender. Departure dates are available in April, May, June, August, and September 2024.

Have an Adventure with Fellow Women

If you, like many female travelers, feel safer and more comfortable in the company of other women, consider booking a trip with Adventure Women, which offers active, women-only tours to destinations around the world. Most of the company’s clients come alone, so you’re sure to find common ground with your fellow travelers. Solo vacations for 2024 with availability at press time include a biking and boating tour through Vietnam, an active adventure in Zion National Park and Bryce Canyon, a Serengeti wildlife safari, and more. You can choose to be matched with a roommate or pay a little extra for your own room.

Sarah Schlichter wants to take every one of these solo vacations. Follow her on Twitter @TravelEditor for more travel tips and inspiration. Carol McPherson contributed to this story.

All of the products featured in this story were hand-selected by our travel editors. Some of the links featured in this story are affiliate links, and SmarterTravel may collect a commission (at no cost to you) if you shop through them. As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases.

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Also known as volunteer vacations, voluntourism typically involves a short-term commitment to service as part of a trip that also includes sightseeing or other tourism activities. For the many travelers who don’t have time to devote to longer-term volunteer opportunities such as the Peace Corps, voluntourism offers the chance to make a difference in smaller ways.

Unfortunately, there’s a growing body of evidence that many voluntourism trips don’t actually make much positive impact—and might even cause harm. Read on to learn what to watch out for when choosing a voluntourism project.

The Benefits of Voluntourism

The main purpose of a voluntourism trip seems obvious: to help the community you’re visiting. But if you’re only volunteering for a few days, it’s important not to overestimate how much of a difference you can realistically make.

Josh Powell, Chief Executive Officer at the nonprofit Development Gateway, says that volunteers with specialized skills tend to make the most impact: “Most of the effective groups that I know of help to match individuals with scarce skills, not easily found in the local communities (engineering, medicine, information technology), with acute needs locally. Think Doctors Without Borders, Engineers Without Borders, etc. If you have an advanced/technical skill set, consider finding organizations that function in this way. If you are bringing nothing but good intentions, just be aware that the greatest (and potentially only) contribution you are making to the local community is the money that you spend.”

Leila de Bruyne, founder of an educational program in Kenya called Flying Kites, makes a similar argument in an interview with Boston public radio station WBUR: “Unless you’re a surgeon or a billionaire, you’re not going to have a meaningful, transformative impact on the communities that you’re working with, but they might have an impact on you, and that’s where the opportunity comes to actually make something of it.”

The most effective voluntourism projects combine the small contributions of numerous volunteers into an effort that is meaningful and sustainable in the long term, but for each individual traveler, the biggest impact of your trip might be on your own behavior.

Volunteering gives you a chance to learn about a place and interact with the locals in a way that simply lying on a beach does not—and it can be fun too! Your encounters might even change your understanding of the world. Someone who’s been impacted by a voluntourism experience might go home and take further action—donating to or raising funds for a charitable organization, advocating for political change, or even volunteering in a community closer to home. In this way a voluntourism experience can have ripple effects for years to come.

The Dangers of Voluntourism

Many well-meaning travelers show up, volunteer for a few days and go home convinced that they’ve made a difference in the world, but their presence may sometimes hurt, not help the community they’re trying to serve. Writer and entrepreneur Pippa Biddle shares the following anecdote from a trip to Tanzania:

“Our mission while at the orphanage was to build a library. Turns out that we, a group of highly educated private boarding school students, were so bad at the most basic construction work that each night the men had to take down the structurally unsound bricks we had laid and rebuild the structure so that, when we woke up in the morning, we would be unaware of our failure. … Basically, we failed at the sole purpose of our being there. It would have been more cost effective, stimulative of the local economy, and efficient for the orphanage to take our money and hire locals to do the work, but there we were trying to build straight walls without a level.”

Volunteering at orphanages can be even more insidious, says Powell: “Orphanages are likely the most damaging voluntourism option you could choose. … Many orphanages often verge on child trafficking (or go all the way there).” Powell also notes that children at orphanages can easily get attached to volunteers who then leave them, creating a cycle of emotional damage.

One quality that makes voluntourism trips appealing to many travelers—the limited time commitment—is also an inherent weakness. Most voluntourists don’t stay long enough to fully comprehend the complex problems affecting the local population, much less to help solve them in a meaningful way. Without a nuanced understanding of what you’re committing to, you might end up doing busy work that makes you feel good about yourself but doesn’t actually make any impact.

What Should I Ask Before Booking a Voluntourism Trip?

To avoid some of these pitfalls, it’s important to do your homework before signing up for a voluntourism program. Powell recommends asking the following questions about the organization you plan to work with:

• Do the activities during my trip displace the potential for local labor to deliver the same services at a lower cost, with more efficiency and while creating jobs for the local population—or would the work not be possible without volunteers?
• Where does the organization get its staff, and how are they paid/treated?
• What is the organization’s relationship with the local community—do they work collaboratively or has the organization “inserted itself”? Do the locals help decide which projects are prioritized and how they’re implemented?
• What are the organization’s long-term intentions? For example, are they building up new infrastructure (and if so, are they using local labor), and do they plan to sustain that infrastructure long-term?

We also recommend looking at the organization’s finances and checking out exactly where your program fee goes. Research how long the organization has been around and whether the bulk of its revenue is put back into the community.

Try to find as much information as possible about the organization beyond its own website. Have past volunteers left reviews on sites such as VolunteerForever.com? If it’s based in the U.S., is the organization well rated by CharityNavigator.org? Has it won any responsible tourism awards?

Finally, be sure to ask yourself a few questions, including why you’re undertaking this project, what skills you bring to the table and whether your presence would have more impact than a monetary donation.

You can find more useful questions in this volunteer checklist.

Which Voluntourism Projects Should I Avoid?

As noted above, volunteering at an orphanage usually does more harm than good, and construction projects aren’t recommended for travelers without experience. (Even if you do have construction skills, it’s likely that local laborers could do the job just as easily.)

Many people are also moved to volunteer in the aftermath of natural disasters such as earthquakes or tsunamis, but unless you have very specific skills (such as medicine and/or disaster response), you are more likely to get in the way than you are to help. In these cases, a donation is your best bet.

It’s also important not to take on responsibilities that you wouldn’t feel qualified to do at home. Says de Bruyne: “Red flags should come up if your 16-year-old high school kid is going to be involved in sensitive social work, or acting in a clinic as a nurse, or … taking over a whole classroom. I think that you should be working to support a staff that exists. And if you’re not, and you’re taking on a different role, then to me that would be alarming and not something that I would want to participate in.”

So where can you start if you’re looking for projects that won’t do harm? The Guardian recommends several organizations that do meaningful and ethical work, including Travel-PeopleandPlaces.co.uk, BlueVentures.org and GVIusa.com.

Other Voluntourism Tips

Prepare for your trip by learning as much as you can about the place you’re visiting, including a few phrases of the local language, the region’s cultural norms and the background of the project to which you’re contributing. This will help you acclimatize more quickly and make the most of your limited time.

Respect the dignity and privacy of the people you meet. Says Powell, “If a stranger walked up to your child and began taking pictures in the streets of New York, you would likely feel uncomfortable and violated—yet many think it is just fine to pick up a stranger’s child and snap selfies when traveling in developing countries.” Don’t take photos of anyone without permission, and keep in mind that your experience could easily turn exploitative if you’re more concerned with posting to Facebook than carrying out your volunteer activities.

Beyond Voluntourism: How Else Can I Help?

Powell argues that unless you have skills that fit the specific needs of a community, making a donation to an effective grassroots organization will likely bring more benefit than your presence. He recommends Kiva.org and GlobalGiving.org as two websites that allow individuals to donate directly to projects and organizations doing good work around the world.

Powell also notes that any vacation you take can benefit the local economy, even if you’re not volunteering. “Spend money!” he says. “It may not give the ‘warm fuzzy feeling’ that you might get from driving some nails or teaching English, but think of what you would prefer in their circumstances. Support local artisans, kids who ‘guard’ your vehicle while it’s parked, maids in your hotel room, etc.

“And don’t negotiate too aggressively. That 20 percent you are negotiating off your taxi fare or a souvenir for your niece is 1/3 of a latte to you, but may be a sizable portion of net wages for the person across from you. There is nothing wrong with haggling, but fully ‘winning’ the negotiation is an often hollow victory.”

For the most economic benefit, follow the principles of socially responsible travel, including staying in locally owned hotels, eating at locally owned restaurants and buying directly from local artisans and shops.

This story was originally published in 2017 and has been updated to reflect the most recent information.

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